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Where the theory applies
Hitch — object-dependent

Icicle Hitch

Friction on hardware · Physical hitch theory

Does not pick a knot

This page does not pick a knot for you. DNA, molecules, quantum braids and vortices stay off Decide.

Finished structure

No drawing of this exact knot yet. The written steps are the reference.

Failure modes

When this family fails, it fails as these. The recovered end still outranks the name.

Grip-hitch family

Directional bite on a standing part — slide-test before you trust it.

  • !Turns on the wrong side of the load
  • !Failed slide-test, still used
  • !A clove where a rolling or icicle third turn was the job
Fails when
  • !The turns run toward the pull instead of away from it, so the hitch slides when loaded.
  • !The bight went over the rope parts but missed the end of the spar, so it pulls straight out when tightened.
  • !It was loaded along the spar before being pulled tight, or tied with too few turns, and it slides as the load comes on.
  • !The pull comes from the other direction along the spar, or the load comes off, and the hitch slides.
Geometry
  • Turns toward the pull

    Hitch will not grip and slides off

    Turns must work away from the direction of pull · step 01

  • Bight missed the spar end

    Unfinished icicle — dumps under along-spar load

    The bight must pass over both ends and over the spar end · step 03

  • Never set perpendicular, or too few turns

    Walks on the first along-spar load

    Set perpendicular, then load; add a turn if the slide-test fails · step 04

If you saw this
  • Hitch slides down the standing part

    Check

    • ?Turns away from the pull
    • ?Bight over both ends and the spar end

    Then

    • Add a turn
    • Reset perpendicular, then load
  • Turns toward the pull

    Check

    • ?Hitch will not grip and slides off
    • ?Inspect step 01

    Then

    • Retie. Do not dress a defective structure and call it seated.
  • Bight missed the spar end

    Check

    • ?Unfinished icicle — dumps under along-spar load
    • ?Inspect step 03

    Then

    • Retie. Do not dress a defective structure and call it seated.
  • Never set perpendicular, or too few turns

    Check

    • ?Walks on the first along-spar load
    • ?Inspect step 04

    Then

    • Retie. Do not dress a defective structure and call it seated.
Same family

Same failure class, different geometry. Open the plates — Diagnose still starts from the symptom.

This failed — start Diagnose

What holds it

  • ·A hitch is object-dependent. Remove the spar, cleat, ring or pile and the structure is usually the unknot.
  • ·Bayman / Maddocks–Keller describe a no-slip regime from wrap count and friction. The prediction is approximate, and only for hitches.

What topology does not predict

  • ·Closed-loop knot invariants (Jones, Alexander) do not say whether a clove hitch will walk on a smooth spar.
  • ·No manufacturer working load is implied by wrap count.
  • ·Wet, iced, or HMPE covers change friction — topology is silent.

Not for

  • ·Joining two free rope ends — that is a bend
  • ·A standing loop that must survive after the object is gone
  • ·A hitch you will adjust every minute (rolling hitch is faster)
  • ·A two-way hold

Same pattern, different job

No sourced twin among these knots. Related knots stay on the Library card.

Sources